Prime Minister Mark Carney, who will make his first visit to Washington since his election, said President Trump’s call to annex Canada as the 51st state would not be on the table.

The election was dominated by Mr. Trump and his relentless focus on Canada. Pierre Poilievre, the opposition leader, lost the seat he had held for 20 years.

Results from Canada’s election.

On a warm June night in 2018, more than a dozen members of Canada’s 2018 World Junior hockey team bypassed a long line of waiting customers, had their IDs checked and were funneled into Jack’s Bar in London, Ont. They wore T-shirts and several wore backward baseball caps. Some gave others fist bumps, and one draped his arm around another’s shoulder. Inside the bar, a group of the players gathered at a corner of a long counter, just beyond a packed dance floor, appearing to order drinks. Seven years later, five members of that team sat in a stuffy wood-paneled courtroom just a few blocks…

After nearly a decade in power, the Liberal Party seemed destined to be swept out on a wave of anti-incumbency sentiment. Then events took a surprising turn.

Many Canadians believe Monday’s election is the most important of their lifetime. It will determine who will take on a stagnant economy and deal with President Trump.